Maintaining Timber Windows
A well-maintained wooden window is an important element of a building that is historic. It illustrates in varying degrees the different materials and technologies design, craftsmanship and aesthetics of the time period that it was built in.
If it is possible, repairs must be done in-situ. Repairing the worst areas of decay can be accomplished with the help of specialized resin-based systems.
Durability
The timber windows in many old structures were designed to last for a long time. They require regular maintenance to keep them looking great. The most common maintenance tasks include repairs to sash cords, re-tightening sash pulleys, and painting. The need to upgrade timber windows to improve efficiency and energy efficiency is also increasing. This may include replacing old glazing units, repairing existing window rebates, or installing new cills to improve air seal.
A key problem with traditional windows is damage caused by the corrosion of the paintwork. This is particularly important when it comes to sash windows because the gaps between sashes can often be extremely large. In these situations water can enter the paint film and cause rotting to the putty or wood beneath. Weather conditions that are not ideal can accelerate the decay. To avoid this, windows should be regularly painted with a suitable exterior wood paint.
In addition to repainting, areas that have corroded need to be repaired with the help of a resin-based repair solution. This will ensure that the greatest amount of original fabric is preserved. It is also important to minimise the number of holes drilled into the frame for cable entry, as they could allow water in and cause decay.
The structural movement of the wall can cause deformations in the frame and the sash. This could result in the sash not fitting properly and jamming or sticking into the opening, and even broken glass. This is often corrected by putting in new sash frames constructed of slow-growing deal (pine) or oak. The cill must be constructed from durable hardwood such as oak to avoid any movement between the new and existing work.
To reduce the risk to reduce the risk of this happening, there are several companies that manufacture Boston pattern wooden sash that will fit into the majority of existing openings. They are available in a variety of sizes and finishes that meet the needs of the modern homeowner. In conjunction with quadruple draught strip and better thermal insulation these new sash can make a substantial difference to the energy efficiency of a home.
Aesthetics
A lot of old timber frames possess a dazzling aesthetic appeal, since they reflect, in some shape, the materials technology, design, and taste from the time period they were made. They may have significant historical significance on their own. This is especially true of early windows that were not glazed in timber-framed buildings, where the great majority were simply a series of openings within the frame that were subdivided horizontally into mullions and wood or iron bars to deter intruders.
It is crucial to maintain the appearance of traditional wooden window joinery. It is essential that any decay that results from water penetration is stopped as soon as it is identified. It is best to do this by thorough painting, particularly if there has been damage or deterioration. It is best to choose paints that are intended to be used in a set (primer undercoat and finish) and follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for preparation and number coats at each stage.
The fungus that causes wet rot can quickly spread in old windows made of wood. To prevent this, get rid of any damaged or rotten parts as soon as you can. Replace rotting wood with slow-grown deal (pine), and when possible, the exact type of timber that is being removed, to prevent any differential movement.
Glass became cheaper and more abundant in the late medieval period and into the 17th century. This led to the openings for glazed windows on timber-framed houses became more complex with moulded mullions and traceries, made of wood and cills that protruded deep. In recent years, glass was fixed to rebated frames with glazing sprigs, not lead cames. This method of glazing not only makes the windows less likely to leak, but also allows for larger sheets of glass to be used than would have been possible without the use of led lights.
Energy efficiency
Traditional timber windows are energy efficient because of their thickness and multilayer construction as well as care for particulars. The large glass areas, the deep projecting cills, and the large glazing areas reduce air infiltration. With secondary glazing and draughtproofing windows can be upgraded to increase their energy efficiency. However, it is important to keep in mind that any such measures must be considered in relation to the overall appearance and integrity of the original window.
It is sensible to fix or upgrade windows, rather than replacing them, particularly when improvement in thermal efficiency can be achieved through simple repairs. The windows of the past often have a historical value that illustrates a variety of technical development and changes in architectural tastes. The pressures to replace such windows are typically based on the assumption that windows that are old will need to be replaced in the near future, however upvc door repairs cambridge most are still capable of serving for 150, 200 or even 250 years if properly maintained.
It is essential to realize that decay issues associated with traditional timber windows are avoidable with quick and thorough repairs. In addition, it is essential to spot damp penetration issues and fix them promptly to avoid serious damage. The early deterioration of paint could be a problem as it allows moisture to penetrate into the wood, which can cause wet rot. It is not uncommon for this type of damage to go undetected until the paintwork begins to crack or becomes wavier. However, it can cause structural damage and lead to further decay.
A good paint will stop moisture from entering the paint. To avoid condensation and mould it is essential to keep the paintwork as clean as possible. Modern synthetic paints pose a problem because they are water-resistant, and can cause mildew growth in the window frame.
The majority of older windows were made from timber that contained the majority of sapwood. These timbers deteriorate quickly if exposed to rain, but they can be protected by a thorough preservation process prior to use. It is essential to select the right type of wood for the site and the climate, since these factors can affect the durability of the joinery. Local window manufacturers offer a wide range of timber sash which can be customized to fit historic openings. They are available in the standard Boston pattern or in custom sizes to fit the architectural style of historic structures.
Maintenance
The life of timber windows can be extended significantly by regular inspection carefully redecoration, and prompt repair. The primary cause of decay is moisture intrusion through deteriorated paint and putty. This can be avoided with thorough painting and the use of a good quality wood preservative.
It is important that repairs to old sash and casement windows are done correctly and completed with minimal disruption. Many traditional timber window designs can be repaired without dismantling the frame, and this method should be taken whenever feasible. Remove any peeling or loose paint and lightly sand the surface to improve the "key" of the surface. This will enable the new coating to adhere better. Be careful to avoid stripping old paint layers that could have historical value If these are present it is recommended that a study of the paint be carried out.
If a piece of wood is decayed, the best solution is to take it off and replace it with timber inserts designed to match the existing profiles. The wood that is inserted should be treated with wood preservative, and the junction between the timber cill and the sub-cill of the masonry should be sealed.
It is tempting to replace traditional windows with PVC U, particularly when the installer offers an all-in-one installation that includes both removal and replacement in one day. It is important that the installers of replacement windows have a deep understanding of the history and construction of traditional timber frames. This will enable them to make the right recommendations for energy efficiency improvements as well as other technological improvements that don't affect the appearance of a building that is historic. The window installers who provide replacement windows must be registered with a Competent Persons Scheme such as FENSA. This will ensure that replacement windows are approved in accordance with Building Regulations as a suitable option. A skilled carpenter is able to install PVC-u windows that conform to original building's character. This is particularly relevant when windows are located within conservation areas or listed buildings.